pam_namespace モジュールで、PAM を呼び出すアプリケーションから変更なしで環境を継承する namespace.init と呼ばれる外部スクリプトを実行していたことが明らかになりました。このような環境が信頼できない場合（pam_namespace が su または sudo などの setuid アプリケーションに対して設定されているなど）、権限のないローカルユーザーがこの欠陥を利用して、権限を昇格させる可能性があります。（CVE-2010-3853）

pam_mail モジュールがユーザーのファイルにアクセスする際に、root 権限を使用していたことが明らかになりました。特定の構成で、権限のないローカルユーザーがこの欠陥を利用して、アクセス権のないファイルやディレクトリに関する制限された情報を取得する可能性があります。
（CVE-2010-3435）

pam_xauth モジュールが、setuid() および setgid() システムコールからの戻り値を確認していなかったことが明らかになりました。権限のないローカルユーザーがこの欠陥を利用して、xauth コマンドを root 権限で実行し、任意の入力ファイルを読み込める可能性があります。
（CVE-2010-3316）

Marcus Granado 氏は、PAM が非 ASCII ユーザー名の含まれる構成ファイルを適切に処理していないことを発見しました。リモートの攻撃者が、この欠陥を利用してサービス拒否を起こすことができます。または、別のユーザー名でログインアクセスを取得する可能性があります。この問題の影響を受けるのは、Ubuntu 8.04 LTSのみです。
（CVE-2009-0887）

PAM の pam_xauth、pam_env、pam_mail のモジュールが、操作実行中にドロップする権限を不適切に処理していることが判明しました。ローカルの攻撃者はこの欠陥を利用して、特定の任意のファイルを読み取り、機密情報にアクセスする可能性があります。（CVE-2010-3316、CVE-2010-3430、CVE-2010-3431、CVE-2010-3435）

PAM の pam_namespace モジュールが namespace.init スクリプト実行中に環境を不適切にクリーンアップしていることが判明しました。
ローカルの攻撃者がこの欠陥を利用して、権限を取得する可能性があります。
（CVE-2010-3853）

PAM の pam_xauth モジュールが特定のエラーを不適切に処理していることが判明しました。ローカルの攻撃者が、この欠陥を利用して、特定の意図されていないファイルを削除する可能性があります。（CVE-2010-4706）

PAM の pam_xauth モジュールが特定のファイルプロパティを不適切に検証していることが判明しました。ローカルのユーザーが、この欠陥を利用して、サービス拒否を引き起こす可能性があります。（CVE-2010-4707）

注意: Tenable Network Securityは、前述の説明ブロックをUbuntuセキュリティアドバイザリからすでに直接抽出しています。Tenableでは、そこに新しい問題を追加することはせずに、できる限り自動的に整理と書式設定をするようにしています。

Multiple vulnerabilities were discovered and corrected in pam :

The pam_xauth module did not verify the return values of the setuid() and setgid() system calls. A local, unprivileged user could use this flaw to execute the xauth command with root privileges and make it read an arbitrary input file (CVE-2010-3316).

The pam_mail module used root privileges while accessing users' files.
In certain configurations, a local, unprivileged user could use this flaw to obtain limited information about files or directories that they do not have access to (CVE-2010-3435).

The pam_namespace module executed the external script namespace.init with an unchanged environment inherited from an application calling PAM. In cases where such an environment was untrusted (for example, when pam_namespace was configured for setuid applications such as su or sudo), a local, unprivileged user could possibly use this flaw to escalate their privileges (CVE-2010-3853).

Packages for 2009.0 are provided as of the Extended Maintenance Program. Please visit this link to learn more:
http://store.mandriva.com/product_info.php?cPath=149&amp;products_id=4 90

The updated packages have been patched to correct these issues.

This update fixes moderate vulnerabilities in pam_env, pam_namespace, pam_mail, and pam_xauth modules. Default configurations (or configurations generated by authconfig) are not affected by the pam_mail and pam_namespace vulnerabilities.

Note that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description block directly from the Fedora security advisory. Tenable has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as possible without introducing additional issues.

It was discovered that the pam_namespace module executed the external script namespace.init with an unchanged environment inherited from an application calling PAM. In cases where such an environment was untrusted (for example, when pam_namespace was configured for setuid applications such as su or sudo), a local, unprivileged user could possibly use this flaw to escalate their privileges. (CVE-2010-3853)

It was discovered that the pam_env and pam_mail modules used root privileges while accessing user's files. A local, unprivileged user could use this flaw to obtain information, from the lines that have the KEY=VALUE format expected by pam_env, from an arbitrary file.
Also, in certain configurations, a local, unprivileged user using a service for which the pam_mail module was configured for, could use this flaw to obtain limited information about files or directories that they do not have access to. (CVE-2010-3435)

Note: As part of the fix for CVE-2010-3435, this update changes the default value of pam_env's configuration option user_readenv to 0, causing the module to not read user's ~/.pam_environment configuration file by default, as reading it may introduce unexpected changes to the environment of the service using PAM, or PAM modules consulted after pam_env.

It was discovered that the pam_xauth module did not verify the return values of the setuid() and setgid() system calls. A local, unprivileged user could use this flaw to execute the xauth command with root privileges and make it read an arbitrary input file.
(CVE-2010-3316)

The remote Oracle Linux 6 host has packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the ELSA-2010-0891 advisory.

    - fix insecure dropping of priviledges in pam_xauth, pam_env,       and pam_mail - CVE-2010-3316 (#637898), CVE-2010-3435 (#641335)

Tenable has extracted the preceding description block directly from the Oracle Linux security advisory.

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The remote NewStart CGSL host, running version CORE 5.04 / MAIN 5.04, has pam packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities:

  - pam_unix.so in Linux-PAM 0.99.7.0 allows context-     dependent attackers to log into accounts whose password     hash, as stored in /etc/passwd or /etc/shadow, has only     two characters. (CVE-2007-0003)

  - Linux-PAM before 1.0.4 does not enforce the minimum     password age (MINDAYS) as specified in /etc/shadow,     which allows local users to bypass intended security     policy and change their passwords sooner than specified.
    (CVE-2009-0579)

  - The run_coprocess function in pam_xauth.c in the     pam_xauth module in Linux-PAM (aka pam) before 1.1.2     does not check the return values of the setuid, setgid,     and setgroups system calls, which might allow local     users to read arbitrary files by executing a program     that relies on the pam_xauth PAM check. (CVE-2010-3316)

  - The (1) pam_env and (2) pam_mail modules in Linux-PAM     (aka pam) before 1.1.2 use root privileges during read     access to files and directories that belong to arbitrary     user accounts, which might allow local users to obtain     sensitive information by leveraging this filesystem     activity, as demonstrated by a symlink attack on the     .pam_environment file in a user's home directory.
    (CVE-2010-3435)

  - pam_namespace.c in the pam_namespace module in Linux-PAM     (aka pam) before 1.1.3 uses the environment of the     invoking application or service during execution of the     namespace.init script, which might allow local users to     gain privileges by running a setuid program that relies     on the pam_namespace PAM check, as demonstrated by the     sudo program. (CVE-2010-3853)

  - The pam_userdb module for Pam uses a case-insensitive     method to compare hashed passwords, which makes it     easier for attackers to guess the password via a brute     force attack. (CVE-2013-7041)

  - Multiple directory traversal vulnerabilities in     pam_timestamp.c in the pam_timestamp module for Linux-     PAM (aka pam) 1.1.8 allow local users to create     arbitrary files or possibly bypass authentication via a     .. (dot dot) in the (1) PAM_RUSER value to the get_ruser     function or (2) PAM_TTY value to the check_tty function,     which is used by the format_timestamp_name function.
    (CVE-2014-2583)

Note that Nessus has not tested for this issue but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

USN-1140-1 fixed vulnerabilities in PAM. A regression was found that caused cron to stop working with a 'Module is unknown' error. As a result, systems configured with automatic updates will not receive updates until cron is restarted, these updates are installed or the system is rebooted. This update fixes the problem.

We apologize for the inconvenience.

Marcus Granado discovered that PAM incorrectly handled configuration files with non-ASCII usernames. A remote attacker could use this flaw to cause a denial of service, or possibly obtain login access with a different users username. This issue only affected Ubuntu 8.04 LTS.
(CVE-2009-0887)

It was discovered that the PAM pam_xauth, pam_env and pam_mail modules incorrectly handled dropping privileges when performing operations. A local attacker could use this flaw to read certain arbitrary files, and access other sensitive information. (CVE-2010-3316, CVE-2010-3430, CVE-2010-3431, CVE-2010-3435)

It was discovered that the PAM pam_namespace module incorrectly cleaned the environment during execution of the namespace.init script. A local attacker could use this flaw to possibly gain privileges. (CVE-2010-3853)

It was discovered that the PAM pam_xauth module incorrectly handled certain failures. A local attacker could use this flaw to delete certain unintended files. (CVE-2010-4706)

It was discovered that the PAM pam_xauth module incorrectly verified certain file properties. A local attacker could use this flaw to cause a denial of service. (CVE-2010-4707).

Note that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description block directly from the Ubuntu security advisory. Tenable has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as possible without introducing additional issues.

ID	名稱	產品	系列	已發布	已更新	嚴重性
60882	Scientific Linux セキュリティ更新：SL5.x i386/x86_64 の pam	Nessus	Scientific Linux Local Security Checks	2012/8/1	2021/1/14	medium
55102	Ubuntu 8.04 LTS/10.04 LTS/10.10/11.04：pamの脆弱性（USN-1140-1）	Nessus	Ubuntu Local Security Checks	2011/6/13	2019/9/19	medium
50472	Mandriva Linux Security Advisory : pam (MDVSA-2010:220)	Nessus	Mandriva Local Security Checks	2010/11/4	2021/1/6	medium
50626	Fedora 12 : pam-1.1.1-6.fc12 (2010-17133)	Nessus	Fedora Local Security Checks	2010/11/18	2021/1/11	medium
60901	Scientific Linux Security Update : pam on SL6.x i386/x86_64	Nessus	Scientific Linux Local Security Checks	2012/8/1	2021/1/14	medium
68144	Oracle Linux 6 : pam (ELSA-2010-0891)	Nessus	Oracle Linux Local Security Checks	2013/7/12	2024/10/22	high
129937	NewStart CGSL CORE 5.04 / MAIN 5.04 : pam Multiple Vulnerabilities (NS-SA-2019-0198)	Nessus	NewStart CGSL Local Security Checks	2019/10/15	2024/4/18	high
55103	Ubuntu 8.04 LTS / 10.04 LTS / 10.10 / 11.04 : pam regression (USN-1140-2)	Nessus	Ubuntu Local Security Checks	2011/6/13	2019/9/19	medium

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